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Operator
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U4.42.01-I1
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Organization (S):
EDF-R & D/AMA














Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
Document: U4.42.01



Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM



1 Goal
To assign to elements of structure of the geometrical and material characteristics. Data
geometrical affected are complementary to the data of mesh.
Among the treated characteristics let us quote:
· for the elements of the hull type: the thickness, a direction of reference in the tangent plan,
· for the elements of the beam type: characteristics of the cross section and
orientation of the main axes of inertia around neutral fiber, curvature of the elements
curves,
· for the elements of the discrete type (arises, mass/inertia, shock absorber): values of
matrices of rigidity, mass or damping to be affected directly or after orientation,
· for the elements of the type bars or of type cables: the surface of the cross section,
· for the elements of mediums continuous 3D and 2D: local axes by report/ratio to which
the user will be able to define directions of anisotropy.
The control must be exhaustive for all the elements of structure of the model.
This operator produces a structure of the cara_elem type.
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2 Syntax
general

will cara [cara_elem] = AFFE_CARA_ELEM (
MODEL
=
Mo
,
[model]
INFORMATION =
/
1,
[DEFECT]
/2,
VERIF
=
|
“MESH”,
|
“NODE”,
|
BAR
=
(see
word
key
BAR
[§6])
|
CABLE
=
(see
word
key
CABLE
[§7])
|
HULL
=
(see
word
key
HULL
[§8])
|
BEAM
=
(see
word
key
BEAM
[§9])
ORIENTATION
=
(see
word
key
ORIENTATION [§10])
DEFI_ARC
=
(see
word
key
DEFI_ARC [§11])
| AFFE_SECT
=
(see
word
key
AFFE_SECT
[§12])
| AFFE_FIBER =
(see
word
key
AFFE_FIBER
[§12])
|
DISCRETE =
(see
word
key
DISCRETE [§13])
ORIENTATION
=
(see
word
key
ORIENTATION [§10])
|
DISCRET_2D =
(see
word
key
DISCRET_2D
[§13])
ORIENTATION
=
(see
word
key
ORIENTATION [§10])
|
SOLID MASS
=
(see
word
key
SOLID MASS
[§14])
|
ASSE_GRIL
=
(see
word
key
ASSE_GRIL
[§15])
|
POUTRE_FLUI
=
(see
word
key
POUTRE_FLUI [§16])
|
ROAST
=
(see
word
key
ROAST
[§17])
|
RIGI_PARASOL
=
(see
word
key
RIGI_PARASOL [§18])
|
RIGI_MISS_3D
=
(see
word
key
RIGI_MISS_3D [§19])
)
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3 Operands
Generals
MODEL
and
VERIF
3.1 Operand
MODEL
MODEL = Mo
Concept of the type
model
, produced by the operator
AFFE_MODELE
[U4.41.01] on which are
affected characteristics of the elements. Let us note that the model must contain explicitly with
less one of the elements of structure, on which will carry the assignment (if not calculation stops).
3.2 Operand
VERIF
VERIF
=/“MESH”
/
“NODE”
Argument Significance

“MESH”
Check that the type of element supported by the meshs, to which one
wants to affect a characteristic, is compatible with this
characteristic (including the orientations).
In the contrary case, stop with error message.
“NODE”
(only with
DISCRETE
)
Check that the nodes to which one wants to affect a characteristic
nodal support a type of element compatible with this
characteristic. In the contrary case, stop with error message.

3.3 Operand
INFORMATION
INFORMATION
=
/2
Print on the file
“MESSAGE”
, for all the elements, the list of
values assigned to the elements:
- angles of orientation in degrees (beams and discrete),
- characteristics of the cross sections of beams and of
bars,
- impressions of the elementary matrices (discrete).
/
1
do not print anything
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4
Definition of the field of assignment
The choice of the elements of the model
Mo
to which relates the assignment is done in two stages:
1) the choice of the type of element concerned with the assignment (BEAM, DISCRETE,…),
2) meshs (of the type of definite element) to affect.
The choice of the key word factor defining the type of elements (
BEAM
,
DISCRETE,…
) implies that it
exist in the model the types of adapted elements (checking carried out systematically).
The types of elements concerned depend on modeling:
· phenomenon
MECHANICS
Key word
Modeling
BAR BARS
CABLE CABLE,
CABLE_POULIE
HULL
HULL AXIS, HULL C PLANE, HULL D PLANE, DKT, DST,
DKQ, DSQ, Q4G, COQUE_3D
DISCRETE
DIS_T, DIS_TR, 2D_DIS_T, 2D_DIS_TR
BEAM
LOUSE D E, LOUSE D T, LOUSE C T, LOUSE D TG, LOUSE D T GD,
FLUI_STRU, TUYAU_3M, TUYAU_6M, POU_D_TGM, POU_D_EM
SOLID MASS
3D, AXIS, FOURIER AXIS, C PLANE, D PLANE, PIPE 3M,
TUYAU_6M
ROAST GRID,
GRILL_MEMBRANE
ASSE_GRIL ASSE_GRIL
POUTRE_FLUI 3d_FAISCEAU
AFFE_SECT POU_D_EM,
POU_D_TGM
AFFE_FIBER POU_D_EM,
POU_D_TGM
RIGI_PARASOL DIS_TR
RIGI_MISS_3D DIS_T
· phenomenon
THERMICS
Key word
Modeling
HULL
COQUE_AXIS, COQUE_PLAN, HULL
SOLID MASS
3D, AXIS, PLAN
The assignment of the characteristics to the finite elements is done using the key words:
“MESH”
,
“NODE”
,
“GROUP_MA”
,
“GROUP_NO”
, according to the cases.
· If VERIF is not present: In a group or a list of meshs (or nodes), one affects
indeed characteristics with the only elements for which they have a direction. For
other elements, the characteristics are not affected.
· If
VERIF
is present: One checks moreover than all the elements of the group or of the list are
good type, if not an error message is transmitted.
4.1 Operands
NET
/
GROUP_MA
/
NODE
/
GROUP_NO
Operands Significance
GROUP_MA = lgma
Assignment with all the elements of the groups of meshs specified.
NET = lma
Assignment with all the elements of the specified meshs.
GROUP_NO = lgno
Assignment with all the nodes of the groups of specified nodes (
DISCRETE
only)
NODE = lno
Assignment with all the specified nodes (
DISCRETE
only)
As in the other controls, the rule of overload applies [U1.03.00].
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5
Assignment of values
Two methods are usable to affect values of characteristics:
· conventional method: operand whose name evokes the treated characteristic followed by a value
or of a list of values. Examples:
HULL = _F (THICK
=
1.E-2,
GROUP_MA = “G1”),
HULL = _F (ANGL_REP
=
(0., 90.), GROUP_MA = “G2”),
· for the assignments concerning
BAR
,
BEAM
and
DISCRETE
, like
ORIENTATION
for
elements of beam and discrete elements, the great number of characteristics which can be
affected led to a better adapted syntax:
CARA = (...) # lists names of characteristics
VALE = (...) # lists values corresponding to the characteristics
One gives an illustrative example below this case.
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
N6
N7
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
0,2
0,02
0,05
0,01
0,02
0,018
0,4
Description of the meshs:
SEG2
M1
N1
N2
M2
N2
N3
M3
N3
N4
M4
N5
N4
M5
N5
N6
M6
N6
N7
FINSF
Command file:
= AFFE_CARA_ELEM will cara (
POUTRE=
(_F (SECTION=' CERCLE', CARA= (“R”, “EP”), VALE= (0.1, 0.02), MAILLE= (“M1”, “M5”)),
_F
(SECTION=' CERCLE', CARA= (“R”, “EP”), VALE= (0.2, 0.05), MAILLE= “M3”),
_F
(SECTION=' CERCLE', CARA= (“R”, “EP”), VALE= (0.09, 0.01), MAILLE= “M6”),
_F
(SECTION=' CERCLE', CARA= (“R1”, “R2”), VALE= (0.1, 0.2), MAILLE= (“M2”, “M4”)),
_F
(SECTION=' CERCLE', CARA= (“EP1”, “EP2”), VALE= (0.02, 0.05), MAILLE= (“M2”, “M4”)),
),
)
It is also possible to use the functionalities of the language python. The example below
recover sizes calculated by control MACR_CARA_POUTRE, for then affecting them.
The use of python requires to put PAR_LOT=' NON' in the control BEGINNING.
PRE_GIBI ()
SECTION = MACR_CARA_POUTRE (NOEUD= “N1”, GROUP_MA_BORD= “EDGE”)
II = 2
alpha0 = SECTION [“ALPHA”, II]
cdgx0 = SECTION [“CDG_X”, II]
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cdgy0 = SECTION [“CDG_Y”, II]
AIRE0 = SECTION [“SURFACE”, II]
IY0 = SECTION [“IY_PRIN_G”, II]
IZ0 = SECTION [“IZ_PRIN_G”, II]
EY0 = SECTION [“EY”, II]
EZ0 = SECTION [“EZ”, II]
JX0 = SECTION [“CT”, II]
JG0 = SECTION [“JG”, II]
AY0 = SECTION [“AY”, II]
AZ0 = SECTION [“AZ”, II]
IYR20 = SECTION [“IYR2_PRIN_G”, II]
IZR20 = SECTION [“IZR2_PRIN_G”, II]
carelem=AFFE_CARA_ELEM (MODELE=mod,
BEAM = (
_F (GROUP_MA= (“POUT1”, “POUT2”), SECTION=' GENERALE',
CARA= (“A”, “IY”, “IZ”, “AY”, “AZ”, “EY”, “EZ”, “JX”, “JG”, “IYR2”, “IZR2”),
VALE= (AIRE0, IY0, IZ0, AY0, AZ0, EY0, EZ0, JX0, JG0, IYR20,
IZR20),),
)
)
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AFFE_CARA_ELEM
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6 Word
key
BAR
6.1 Characteristics
allocatable
Allows to affect the characteristics of the cross sections of elements of the type
BAR
. One can
to treat three types of cross sections defined by the operand
SECTION.
With each type of section, it is possible to affect various characteristics identified by one or
several names (operand
CARA
) which one associates as many values (operand
VALE
).
6.2 Syntax
BARRE= (
_F (
/
NET
=
lma, [l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/
SECTION = “GENERAL”,
#
constant section
CARA =
“A”,
VALE
=
goes
,
[l_R]
/
SECTION = “RIGHT-ANGLED”,
#
constant section
CARA=/(| “H” | “EP”),
/(| “HY” | “HZ” | “EPY” | “EPZ”),
VALE
=
goes,
[l_R]
/
SECTION = “CIRCLE”,
#
constant section
CARA=
(| “R” | “EP”),
VALE= goes,
[l_R]
FCX
=
fv,
[FUNCTION]
),
)
Regulate use:
one cannot overload a type of section (
RING, RIGHT-ANGLED, GENERAL
) by another.
6.3 Operands
6.3.1 Operand
SECTION = “GENERAL”
The only characteristic required in this case is the surface of the cross section of the bar
“A”
.
6.3.2 Operand
SECTION = “CIRCLE”
CARA
Significance
Default value
R
Radius external of the tube
Obligatory
EP
Thickness in the case of a hollow tube
Full tube (
EP
=
R
)
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R
G
Y
Z
EP
These values are used to calculate surface “A” of the section.
6.3.3 Operand
SECTION = “RIGHT-ANGLED”
CARA
Significance
Default value
/HY
Dimension of the following rectangle
GY
Obligatory
HZ
Dimension of the following rectangle
GZ
Obligatory
/H
Length of the edge (if the rectangle is square)
Obligatory
/EPY
Thickness according to
GY
in the case of a hollow tube
HY/2
EPZ
Thickness according to
GZ
in the case of a hollow tube
HZ/2
/EP
Thickness along the two axes in the case of a hollow tube
Full tube
EPZ
HY
G
Y
EPY
Z
HZ
Rules of use: for a given mesh
· “H” is incompatible with “HZ” and “HY”
· “EP” is incompatible with
“EPY”
and
“EPZ”
.
6.4 Operand
`
FCX
`
FCX
=
fv
Assignment of a function describing the dependence of the force distributed with respect to the speed of
wind relative (see for example [V6.02.118]).
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7 Word
key
CABLE
7.1 Characteristics
allocatable
Allows to assign a constant section to the elements of the type cables or cable-pulley.
7.2 Syntax
CABLE = (
_F (
/
NET
=
lma,
[l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
SECTION
=
surface,
[R]
FCX
=
fv,
[FUNCTION]
N_INIT
=/No,
[R]
/
5000,
[DEFECT]
),
)
7.3 Operand
`
SECTION
`
SECTION: surface
Allows to define the surface of the cross section of the cable.
7.4 Operand
`
FCX
`
FCX
:
fv
Assignment of a function describing the dependence of the force distributed with respect to the speed of
wind relative (HM-77/01/046) to see for example test SDNL102 [V5.02.102].
7.5 Operand
N_INIT
Defines the initial voltage in the cable, 5000 NR by defect for cables whose dimensions are
defined in meters.
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8 Word
key
HULL
8.1 Characteristics
allocatable
The characteristics which one can affect on the elements of plate or hull are:
· for all the elements of this type, a constant thickness on each mesh, since it
mesh represents only the average layer (or of diagram for offset),
· for certain models of hull, particular characteristics: coefficient of shearing,
metric, offsetting,…
· for the analysis of the generalized efforts, state of stress or deformations, one
direction of reference for groups of meshs.
8.2 Syntax
COQUE= (
_F (
/
NET
=
lma,
[l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
THICK
=
ep,
[R]
ANGL_REP
=
/
(0.,
0.),
[DEFECT]
/(
,
),
[l_R]
MODI_METRIQUE
=/
'
NOT
',
[DEFECT]
/
'
YES
',
COEF_RIGI_DRZ
=/KRZ
,
[R]
/
1.E-5,
[DEFECT]
OFFSETTING
=
E,
[R]
0., [DEFECT]
INER_ROTA
=
'
YES
',
COQUE_NCOU =/
n1,
[I]
/1,
[DEFECT]
),
)
8.3 Operands
8.3.1 Operand
THICK
THICK = ep
Note:
The thickness must be expressed with the same units as the co-ordinates of the nodes of
mesh.
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8.3.2 Operands
MODI_METRIQUE
/
COEF_RIGI_DRZ
/
OFFSETTING
/
INER_ROTA
/
MODI_METRIQUE
=
'
NOT
',
Fact the assumption that the thickness of the element is low. There is no integration in
the thickness but only according to the surface of the average layer (default option for all
hulls).
/MODI_METRIQUE
=
'
YES
',
For modelings of thick hulls
: COQUE_AXIS, COQUE_C_PLAN,
COQUE_D_PLAN, COQUE_3D, integrations are done by taking of account the variations in
function thickness.
OFFSETTING
=/E,
/0.
The distance between surface with a grid and average surface defines, in the direction of the normal
(modelings DKT, DST, GRID).
INER_ROTA
=
'
YES
'
Taking into account of the inertia of rotation for modeling DKT, DST and Q4G. It is obligatory
in the event of offsetting. One can omit this key word for thin hulls, where terms
of inertia of rotation are negligible compared to different in the matrix of mass [R3.07.03].
COEF_RIGI_DRZ = KRZ,
KRZ
is a coefficient of fictitious rigidity (necessarily small) on the degree of freedom of rotation
around the normal with the hull. It is necessary to prevent that the matrix of rigidity is
singular, but must be selected smallest possible. The default value (1.E-5) is appropriate for
majority of the situations (it is a relative value: rigidity around the normal is equal to KRZ
time the diagonal minor term of the matrix of rigidity of the element).
Note:
Attention, in STAT/DYNA_NON_LINE, this coefficient can involve iterations of
Newton additional (more than one iteration for a linear problem for example).
8.3.3 Operand
ANGL_REP
ANGL_REP = (
,
),
This key word is used for the definition of a local reference mark in the tangent plan in any point of a hull.
The construction of the local reference mark is done using the two “nautical” angles
and (provided in
degrees) which define a vector
v
whose projection on the tangent level with the hull fixes
direction X
L
.
The vector V is defined in the total reference mark (O, X, Y, Z) by two rotations
and:
X
O
Y
X
1
Y
1
Appear 8.3.3-a
Rotation
around OZ transforms (OXYZ) into
(OX
1
Y
1
Z)
X
1
O
Z
V
Appear 8.3.3-b
Rotation -
around OY
1
transform OX
1
out of V
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In three-dimensional representation [Figure 8.3.3-c].
Y
X
Z
V
Y
1
Appear 8.3.3-c
One can define a single vector V for all the structure, or one by area (key words GROUP_MA
/MESH).
The construction of the local reference mark in a point of an element of hull is carried out starting from V, of
following way:
· the projection of V on the tangent level provides axis X
L
,
· the normal in tangent plan N is known for each element.
The local reference mark is thus: (P, X
L
, y
L
, Z
L
) with: X
L
= X
R
, Z
L
= N and y
L
the trihedron supplements.
P
X
L
V
Z
L
= N
tangent plan
y
L
Important remark:
The definition of this reference axis is useful:
· on the level it postprocessing, to define the local trihedron in which the efforts are expressed
generalized or stresses. The user will have to take care that the selected reference axis
does not find itself parallel with the normal of certain meshs of the mesh: (Example: In
case or ANGL_REP = (0., 0.) by defect for a parallel plate in plan (Y, Z) of the reference mark
TOTAL an error message is transmitted during the calculation of option “EFGE_ELNO_DEPL” of
CALC_ELEM [U4.81.01]). The possibility of defining a posteriori a group of meshs of which
normal is in a given solid angle is possible by control DEFI_GROUP
[U4.22.01],
· to lay down the orientation of fibers of a multi-layer hull (cf operator
DEFI_COQU_MULT
[U4.42.03]).
8.3.4 Operand
COQUE_NCOU
A number of layers used for integration in the thickness of the hull, the operators
STAT_NON_LINE and DYNA_NON_LINE (modelings DKT,
COQUE_3D,
COQUE_AXIS,
COQUE_C_PLAN, COQUE_D_PLAN).
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9 Word
key
BEAM
9.1 Characteristics
allocatable
This key word makes it possible to affect the characteristics of the cross sections of elements of the beam type
(modelings POU_D_E,
POU_D_EM
,
POU_D_T
, POU_C_T, POU_D_TG, POU_D_TGM, POU_D_T_GD,
TUYAU_3M, TUYAU_6M). One can treat three types of cross sections defined by the operand
SECTION
.
With each type of section, it is possible to affect various characteristics identified by one or
several names (operand
CARA
) which one associates as many values (operand
VALE
).
It is possible to treat beams of constant section (name of characteristic without suffix) or of
variable section (name of characteristic with suffix
1
or
2
). The mode of variation of the section is
defined by the key word
VARI_SECT
(cf [§9.4.1]). One then gives the characteristics of the section to
initial node (name with suffix
1
) and with the final node (name with suffix
2
) (“initial” and “final” relative with
the classification of the mesh support). One must also use this key word to define the constant of
torsion for modeling (POU_D_EM).
9.2 Syntax
POUTRE= (
_F (
/
NET
= lma,
[l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/
SECTION = “GENERAL”,
VARI_SECT
=
“CONSTANT” [DEFECT]
“HOMOTHETIC”
#
constant section
/
CARA =
| “A” | “IY” | “IZ”,
| “AY” | “AZ” | “EY” | “EZ”,
| “JX” | “AI” | “RY” | “RZ” | “RT”,
| “JG” |' IYR2' |' IZR2' |,
VALE
=
goes,
[l_R]
#
homothetic section
/
CARA
= | “A1” | “A2” | “IY1” | “IY2”,
| “IZ1” | “IZ2” | “JX1” | “JX2”,
| “AY1” | “AY2” | “AZ1” | “AZ2”,
| “JG1” | “JG2” | “EY1” | “EY2”,
| “EZ1” | “EZ2” | “AI1” | “AI2”,
| “RY1” | “RY2” | “RZ1” | “RZ2”,
| “RT1” | “RT2”,
| “IYR21” | 'IZR21'| “IYR22” | “IZR22”,
VALE = goes,
[l_R]
/
SECTION = “RIGHT-ANGLED”,
VARI_SECT
=
/
“CONSTANT”,
[DEFECT]
/
“HOMOTHETIC”,
/“REFINES”,
#
constant section
/
CARA
=/ | “H” | “EP”,
/ | “HY” | “HZ” | “EPY” | “EPZ”,
VALE = goes,
[l_R]
#
homothetic section
/
CARA
=/ | “H1” | “H2” | “EP1” | “EP2”,
/ | “HY1” | “HZ1” | “HY2” | “HZ2”,
| “EPY1” | “EPY2” | “EPZ1” | “EPZ2”,
VALE = goes,
[l_R]
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#
section closely connected
/
CARA
= | “HY” | “EPY” | “HZ1”,
| “EPZ1” | “HZ2” | “EPZ2”,
VALE = goes,
[l_R]
/
SECTION = “CIRCLE”,
VARI_SECT
=
“CONSTANT” [DEFECT]
“HOMOTHETIC”,
#
constant section
/
CARA=
| “R” | “EP”,
VALE
=
goes,
[l_R]
#
homothetic section
/
CARA
= | “R1” | “R2” | “EP1” | “EP2”,
VALE = goes,
[l_R]
MODI_METRIQUE
=/“YES”,
/
“NOT”,
[DEFECT]
TUYAU_NSEC =
/
nsec,
[I]
/16,
[DEFECT]
TUYAU_NCOU =
/
ncou,
[I]
/
3,
[DEFECT]
FCX
=
fv,
[FUNCTION]
PREC_AIRE
=
/
precis, [R]
/
0.01,
[DEFECT]
PREC_INERTIE
=
/
precis, [R]
/
0.1, [DEFECT]
),
)
9.3 Rules
of use
Note:
The orientation of the elements of beams is done by the key word
ORIENTATION
[§10]. The angle of spin
(which makes it possible to direct the transverse section of the beam around its neutral fiber) is always
given to direct the main axes of the section what is not very practical because these axes are in
General unknown before the calculation of the geometrical characteristics of the section
(cf.
MACR_CARA_POUTRE
[U4.42.02]).
· It is possible starting from version 6 to directly provide (via variables python) them
characteristics of the sections (general) resulting from a calculation with MACR_CARA_POUTRE. This
is implemented in test SSLL107F.
· Various names of characteristics arguments of the operand
CARA
are described further for
each argument of the operand
SECTION
.
· For a given mesh:
- One cannot overload a type of variation of section (constant or variable) by another.
- One cannot overload a type of section (
RING
,
RECTANGLE
,
GENERAL
) by another.
- For the beams non-prismatic, the names with suffix
1
or
2
are incompatible with
names without suffix. Example:
With
is incompatible with
A1
and
A2.
-
“H”
is incompatible with
“HZ”
and
“HY”
(like
H1
,
H2
,…)
-
“EP”
is incompatible with
“EPY”
and
“EPZ”
(like
EP1
,
EP2
,…).
-
“RY”
,
“RZ”
and
“RT”
intervene only for the calculation of the stresses.
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9.4 Operands
9.4.1 Operand
VARI_SECT
Allows to define the type of variation of section between the two nodes ends of the element of
beam (elements
POU_D_E
and
POU_D_T
[R3.08.01]).
The possibilities are:
Section Closely connected Homothetic
ring not yes
rectangle
yes (according to Z)
yes
general not
yes
·
“Refines”
mean that the surface of the section varies in a linear way between the two nodes.
dimensions in the direction are there constant (HY, EPY) and that in direction Z vary
linearly (HZ1, HZ2, EPZ1, EPZ2).
· “Homothetic” means that 2 dimensions of the section vary linearly between
values given to the two nodes, the surface of the section thus evolves/moves in a quadratic way.
9.4.2 Operand
MODI_METRIQUE
Allows to define for the elements PIPE the type of integration in the thickness (modelings
TUYAU_3M, TUYAU_6M):
· MODI_METRIQUE = “NOT” resulted in assimilating in integrations the radius to the average radius.
This is thus valid for the pipes low thickness (relative with the radius),
· MODI_METRIQUE = “YES” implies a complete integration, more precise for pipings
thick, but being able in certain cases to lead to oscillations of the solution.
9.4.3 Operand
SECTION = “GENERAL”

9.4.3.1 Section
constant
CARA
Significance
Default value
With
Surface of the section
Obligatory
IZ
Geometrical moment of inertia main compared to GZ Obligatoire
IY
Geometrical moment of inertia main compared to GY Obligatoire
AY

Coefficient of shearing in direction GY
Obligatory if
POU_D_T,
POU_C_T, POU_D_TG
0. if
POU_D_E
AZ
Coefficient of shearing in direction GZ
idem
EY
Eccentricity of the center of torsion
(component of
CG
according to GY)
0.
EZ
Eccentricity of the center of torsion
(component of
CG
according to GZ)
0.
JX
Constant of torsion
Obligatory
RY
Distance from an external fiber measured according to y
1.
RZ
Distance from an external fiber measured according to Z
1.
RT
Effective radius of torsion
1.
JG
Constant of roll (
POU_D_TG
,
POU_D_TGM
)
IYR2
Necessary to the calculation of geometrical rigidity
(POU_D_TG and POU_D_TGM)
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IZR2
Necessary to the calculation of geometrical rigidity
(POU_D_TG and POU_D_TGM)
AI
Surface of the bypass section of the fluid inside
beam.
obligatory for one
modeling
FLUI_STRU

9.4.3.2 Section
homothetic
One defines the characteristics for each mesh, with the two nodes.
CARA
Significance
Default value
A1, A2
Surface of the section
Obligatory
IZ1, IZ2
Geometrical moment of inertia main per report/ratio
with GZ
Obligatory
IY1
,
IY2
Geometrical moment of inertia main per report/ratio
with GY
Obligatory
AY1
,
AY2

Coefficient of shearing in direction GY
Obligatory if
POU_D_T
,
POU_C_T
,
POU_D_TG
0. if
POU_D_E
AZ1
,
AZ2
Coefficient of shearing in direction GZ
idem
EY1
,
EY2
Eccentricity of the center of torsion
(component of
CG
according to GY)
0.
EZ1
,
EZ2
Eccentricity of the center of torsion
(component of
CG
according to GZ)
0.
JX1
,
JX2
Constant of torsion
Obligatory
RY1
,
RY2
Distance from an external fiber measured according to y
1.
RZ1
,
RZ2
Distance from an external fiber measured according to Z
1.
RT1
,
RT2
Effective radius of torsion
1.
JG1
,
JG2
Constant of roll (POU_D_TG)
IYR21
,
IYR22
Necessary to the calculation of geometrical rigidity
(POU_D_TG and POU_D_TGM)
IZR21
,
IZR22
Necessary to the calculation of geometrical rigidity
(POU_D_TG and POU_D_TGM)
AI1
,
AI2
Surfaces of the bypass section of the fluid with
interior of the beam.
obligatory for one
modeling
FLUI_STRU

Y
Z
G
C
RY
EZ
RZ
EY
RT
by (T)
X
Y
Z
fiber
utre
G
G
C
T
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Definition of the characteristics:
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
T
Z
Z
T
B
dt
T
B
T
y
m
dz
Z
B
Z
m
IY
With
With
With
AZ
Dy
y
B
y
m
IZ
With
With
With
AY
ds
Z
IY
ds
y
IZ
y
RY
y
y
y
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
y
y
y
y
Y
S
S
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
in
according to
thickness
:
with
,
2
1
2
1
2
2
'
2
2
'
2
2
with:
With
With
With
With
AY
AY
With
K With
K
AY
Y
Z
Y
Y
y
y
'
'
'
'
,
:
.
.
sheared reduced surfaces
with
or
with
=
=
=
1
1
1
· coefficients of shearing
With
With
Y
Z
,
are used by the elements
POU_D_T
,
POU_C_T
and
POU_D_TG
,
POU_D_TGM
, for the calculation of the matrices of rigidity and mass and for the calculation of
stresses [R3.08.01]. In particular, stresses shear transverse are expressed by:
xz
Z
Z
Z
Z
xz
Y
Y
V
K WITH V
With
With
V AA
=
=
=
,
,
· in the case of beams of Euler (
POU_D_E
) which does not take account of transverse shearing,
one neglects the corresponding terms in the calculation of rigidity and the mass while taking
With
With
Y
Z
=
= 0
. On the other hand, the stresses [R3.08.01] of shearing are calculated by:
xz
Z
xz
Y
V
With
V
With
=
=
,
.
Characteristics
RY RZ RT
,
,
are used for calculation of torsion and bending stresses
[R3.08.01] for the options
“SIGM_ELNO_DEPL”
or
“SIPO_ELNO_DEPL”
CALC_ELEM [U4.81.01].
In bending, one a:
or
In torsion,
xx
y
y
Z
Z
xz
xy
M
I
RZ
M
I
RY
MT
JX RT
=
=
=
.
.
.
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9.4.4 Operand
SECTION
=
“RIGHT-ANGLED”
CARA
Significance
Default values
Constant section
HY
Dimension of the rectangle following GY
Obligatory
HZ
Dimension of the rectangle following GZ
Obligatory
H
Dimension of the square (if the rectangle is square)
Obligatory
EPY
Thickness according to GY in the case of a hollow tube
HY/2
EPZ
Thickness according to GZ in the case of a hollow tube
HZ/2
EP
Thickness along the two axes in the case of a tube
hollow
Full tube
Homothetic section
H1
,
H2
Dimension of the square at each end for one
variable section
H1=H2=H
HY1
,
HY2
Dimension of the rectangle following GY at each end
for a variable section
HY1=HY2=HY
HZ1
,
HZ2
Dimension of the rectangle following GZ at each end
for a variable section
HZ1=HZ2=HZ
EP1
,
EP2
Thickness along the two axes in the case of a tube
hollow, at each end in the case of a section
variable
EP1=EP2=EP
EPY1
,
EPY2
Thickness according to GY in the case of a hollow tube, with
each end in the case of a variable section
EPY1=EPY2=EPY
EPZ1
,
EPZ2
Thickness according to GZ in the case of a hollow tube, with
each end in the case of a variable section
EPZ1=EPZ2=EPZ

EPZ
HY
G
Y
EPY
Z
HZ
The characteristics calculated by Aster are [R3.08.03]:
(
) (
)
(
) (
)
I
HY HZ
HY
EPY HZ
EPZ
I
HZ HY
HZ
EPZ HY
EPY
RY
HY
RZ
HZ
y
Z
=
-
-
-
=
-
-
-
=
=
.
.
.
.
3
3
3
3
12
2
2
12
12
2
2
12
2
2
· If the tube is hollow:
(
) (
)
(
) (
)
AY
AZ
JX
EPY EPZ HY EPY
HZ EPZ
HY EPY HZ EPZ EPY
EPZ
RT
JX
EPZ HY EPY HZ EPZ
=
=
=
-
-
+
-
-
=
-
-
15
2
2
2
2
2
2
.
.
.
.
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· If the tube is full:
one poses
has
HY
B
HZ if HY HZ
has
HZ
B
HY
if HZ
HY
=
=
>
=
=
>
2
2
2
2
,
,
-
coefficients of shearing
AY
AZ
=
= 65
-
J
B has
B
has
B
has
=
-
+




3
5
5
16
3
3 36
0 28
.
.
-
(
)
RT
J has
B
B has
=
+
3
18
8
2
2
.
Note:
The computed values can be printed with the key word
INFORMATION = 2
.
9.4.5 Operand
SECTION
=
“CIRCLE”
CARA
Significance
Default value
Constant section
R
Radius external of the tube
Obligatory
EP
Thickness in the case of a hollow tube
Full tube (
EP
=
R
)
Variable section
R1
,
R2
Radii external at the two ends for one
variable section
R1=R2=R
EP1
,
EP2
Thicknesses at the two ends in the case of one
variable section
EP1=EP2=EP
R
G
Y
Z
EP
The computed values by Aster are [R3.08.03]:
(
)
I
I
JX
R
R EP
RT
RY
RZ
R
y
Z
=
=
=
-
-
=
=
=
2
4
4
4
4
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· full tube:
9
/
10
=
= AZ
AY
· tube hollow thick:
if
9
.
0
<
-
R
EP
R
that is to say
R
EP
1
.
0
>
that is to say
= -
=
= -
+
+
+
R EP
R
AY
AZ
0 905
1156
0 634
1093
3
2
.
.
.
.
· if not (thin tube)
AY
AZ
=
= 2.
9.5 Operand
`
FCX
`
FCX
=
fv
Assignment of a function describing the dependence of the force distributed with respect to the speed of
wind relative (see test SSNL118 [V6.02.118]). The loading of the wind type is applicable on
elements of bar of cable and beam (modelings POU_D_E, POU_D_T, POU_D_T,
POU_D_TG,
POU_D_TGD
,
POU_D_TGM
).
9.6 Operands
TUYAU_NSEC
/
TUYAU_NCOU
TUYAU_NSEC =/nsec,
TUYAU_NCOU =/ncou,
A number of layers in the thickness (ncou by defect = 3) and of sectors (nsec by defect = 16)
on the circumference used for integrations in the elements PIPE [R3.08.06].
9.7 Operands
PREC_AIRE
/
PREC_INERTIE
PREC_AIRE
=/precise,
PREC_INERTIE
=/precise,
The use of the multifibre beams (POU_D_EM or POU_D_TGM) requires to provide
additional information, compared to key words VALE and CARA, using the key words
AFFE_SECT and/or AFFE_FIBER [§12.3].
The objective is to check the coherence of information (
SURFACE
and
INERTIA
) provided on the one hand by
the key word
BEAM
and in addition by the key words
AFFE_SECT
and
AFFE_FIBER
. The criterion
of error is based on the error relating and is compared either with the default value or to that given
by the user via the key words
PREC_AIRE
and
PREC_INERTIE
.
If the criterion is not satisfied a fatal error is generated.
The relative error is calculated in the following way:
SURFACE (BEAM) - (SURFACE (AFFE_SECT) +AIRE (AFFE_FIBER))
----------------------------------------------- <= PREC_AIRE
SURFACE (BEAM)
INERTIA (BEAM) - (INERTIA (AFFE_SECT) +INERTIE (AFFE_FIBER))
---------------------------------------------------------- <= PREC_INERTIE
INERTIA (BEAM)
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Note:
·
SURFACE (AFFE_SECT)
is calculated by making the sum of the surfaces of the elements defined in
mesh, under the key word
MAILLAGE_SECT
in the operand
AFFE_SECT
.
·
SURFACE (AFFE_SECT)
is calculated by making the sum of the surfaces of fibers defined in the operand
AFFE_FIBER
.
·
INERTIA (AFFE_SECT)
is calculated by making the sum of S.D ² elements defined in
mesh, under the key word
MAILLAGE_SECT
in the operand
AFFE_SECT
. (S: represent
surface of an element and D the distance between the center of gravity of the element and the axis defined by
key word
CARA_AXE_POUTRE
under the operand
AFFE_SECT
).
·
INERTIA (AFFE_FIBER)
is calculated
by making the sum of S.D ² fibers defined in
the operand
AFFE_FIBER
. (S: represent the surface of a fiber and D the distance between fiber and
the axis defined by the key word
CARA_AXE_POUTRE
under the operand
AFFE_FIBER
).

Note:
When the section is defined by a mesh (key word
MAILLAGE_SECT
under the operand
AFFE_SECT
) the total calculation of the inertia of the surface whole of the elements does not hold account
inertia suitable for each element. It is thus necessary to define a sufficient number of fiber so that
this error is weak and remains lower than
PREC_INERTIE
.
For example a rectangular section cut out uniformly in the height in “N” elements
conduit with the following errors, on the values of inertias:
Cutting
2 3 4 5 6
Inertia error
25%
11.11% 6.25% 4.00% 2.77%
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10 Word
key
ORIENTATION
10.1 Characteristics
allocatable
This key word makes it possible to affect the orientations:
· main axes of the cross sections of the elements of the beam type,
· discrete elements assigned to nodes or meshs of the type
POI1
(discrete elements
nodal) or with meshs of the type
SEG2
(discrete elements of connection).
Note:
There is always a local reference mark by defect attached to the elements of the type
BEAM
or
DISCRETE
even if the operand is not used
ORIENTATION
. It corresponds to
ANGL_VRIL
=
0 for
elements attached to a mesh SEG2 (beams or discrete) and
ANGL_NAUT
= (0., 0., 0.) for
nodal discrete elements,
For the elements of the PIPE type, the key word ORIENTATION makes it possible to define a generating line
continue defining for each section the angular origin.
10.2 Syntax
ORIENTATION = (
_F (/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/MESH
= lma
,
[l_maille]
/
GROUP_NO
=
lgno,
[l_gr_noeud]
/NODE
= lno
,
[l_noeud]
VALE =
langl,
[l_R]
CARA =/“VECT_Y”,
/“ANGL_VRIL”,
/“VECT_X_Y”,
/“ANGL_NAUT”,
/“GENE_TUYAU”,
CRITERION =
/
“RELATIVE”, [DEFECT]
/“ABSOLUTE”,
PRECISION
=
/
eps, [R]
/
1.E-4,
[DEFECT]
),
)
10.3 Rules
of use
One can assign successively to the same mesh or the same node, several values
of orientation: the orientation finally taken is the composition of the orientations.
Example:
ORIENTATION= (
_F (CARA = ' ANGL_NAUT', VALE= (1., 1., 1.), MESH = “P1”),
_F (CARA = ' ANGL_VRIL', VALE = 45. , MESH = “M1”),
_F (CARA = ' ANGL_VRIL', VALE = 90. , MESH = “m2”),
)
· to define the local reference mark associated with a mesh of the type POI1 or a node (discrete element), it is necessary
to use either ANGL_NAUT, or VECT_X_Y,
· to define the local reference mark around the axis defined by a mesh SEG2 (beam or discrete), it is necessary
to use either ANGL_VRIL, or VECT_Y,
· to define a generating line on the elements pipe, GENE_TUYAU should be used.
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10.4 Operands
VECT_X_Y
/
ANGL_NAUT
/CARA = “ANGL_NAUT”, VALE = (
,
,
)
[V5.01.100]
Nautical angles
, provided in degrees, are the angles allowing to pass from the reference mark
total of definition of the co-ordinates of nodes (P, X, Y, Z) to the reference mark local (P, X
2
, y
2
, Z
2
). The aforementioned
is obtained by 3 rotations:
· a rotation of angle around Z, transforming (P, X, Y, Z) in (P, X
1
, y
1
, Z) [Figure 10.4-a],
· a rotation of angle - around y
1
, transforming (P, X
1
, y
1
, Z) in (P, X
2
, y
1
, Z
1
) [Figure 10.4-b],
· a rotation of angle around X
2
, transforming (P, X
2
, y
1
, Z
1
) in (P, X
2
, y
2
, Z
2
)
[Figure 10.4-c].
X
Y
X1
Y1
Z
P
Appear 10.4-a
X1
Z
X2
Z1
Y1
P
Appear 10.4-b
Y1
Z1
Y2
Z2
X2
P
Appear 10.4-c
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the local reference mark is: (P, X
2
, y
2
, Z
2
)


X
Y
Z
X1
Y1
Y
X
Z
Z
Y
Z
P
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/CARA = “VECT_X_Y”, VALE =
(
)
D
D
D
L
L
L
y
y
y
X
X
X
3
2
1
3
2
1
,
,
,
,
,
L
L
L
X
X
X
3
2
1
,
,
are the 3 components, in the total reference mark, of a vector defining the local axis
2
X
.
D
D
D
y
y
y
3
2
1
,
,
are the 3 components, in the total reference mark, of a vector
D
y
, of which projection
on the orthogonal level with
2
X
will provide the local axis
2
y
. The local axis
2
Z
the reference mark supplements then for
that the trihedron
(
)
2
2
2
,
,
,
Z
y
X
P
that is to say direct [Figure 10.4-d].
X
2
y
D
P
y
2
Appear 10.4-d
10.5 Operand
ANGL_VRIL
/
VECT_Y
In the case of the meshs SEG2, the axis
2
X
is already carried by the mesh (the direction of
2
X
is defined by
classification of two nodes of the mesh). It is thus enough to define
2
y
and
2
Z
, that is to say by rotation around
2
X
(key word ANGL_VRIL) that is to say by defining a vector (key word VECT_Y).
/CARA = “ANGL_VRIL”, VALE =
is the angle (in degrees) of rotation around
2
X
, transforming
(
)
1
1
2
,
,
,
Z
y
X
P
in
(
)
2
2
2
,
,
,
Z
y
X
P
.
/CARA = “VECT_Y”, VALE =
D
D
D
y
y
y
3
2
1
,
,
D
D
D
y
y
y
3
2
1
,
,
are the 3 components of a vector
D
y
of which projection on the orthogonal level with
2
X
will provide the local axis
2
y
[Figure 10.4-d]. The axis
2
Z
is such as
(
)
2
2
2
,
,
,
Z
y
X
P
that is to say direct.
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10.6 Operand
“GENE_TUYAU”
Relate to only the elements PIPE (modelings TUYAU_3M or TUYAU_6M).
VALE
= (Z
1
, Z
2
, Z
3
) then contains the 3 components of a vector Z directing the generator of the pipe
(continuous line traced on the pipe, defining for each element the origin of the angle
used for
to express ovalization and the roll).
This vector must be defined in a node or one
GROUP
_
NO
end of the pipe. The geometry is then
built automatically for all the related elements of PIPE.



















10.7 Operands
PRECISION/CRITERION
This precision is used for the construction of the generator like defining the limit enters
a right pipe section and an element curve (distinction based on the alignment of the 3 or 4 nodes
element).
generator
Z
N2
U
ur
N2
N1
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11 Word
key
DEFI_ARC
11.1 Characteristics
allocatable
Allows to assign to curved beams (
POU_C_T
) (elements with 2 nodes) of the characteristics related to
curvature of the element (radius of curvature and orientation of the plan of the arc). Those can be
defined in the choice by the key words:
POIN_TANG
,
CENTER
or (
ORIE_ARC
and
RADIUS
).
11.2 Notice
Key words of
DEFI_ARC
are used to define the geometrical characteristics (radius of curvature and
plan of the elbow) of the curved element of beam. The main reference mark of inertia is not defined here, and must
to be given as for the right beams by the key word
ORIENTATION
(
ANGL_VRIL
/
VECT_Y
), in
supposing that the element is right (segment
NR NR
I
J
).
11.3 Syntax
DEFI_ARC = (
_F (
/
NET
=
lma
,
[l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/
POIN_TANG
=
(xt
,
yt
,
zt),
[l_R]
/NOEUD_POIN_TANG
= No,
[node]
/GROUP_NO_POIN_TG
=
gno, [gr_noeud]
/
CENTER
=
(teststemxç
,
teststemyç
,
zc),
[l_R]
/NOEUD_CENTER
= No,
[node],
/
GROUP_NO_CENTER
=
gno, [gr_noeud]
/
ORIE_ARC =
arc,
[R]
RADIUS
=
R,
[R]
/
COEF_FLEX
=
cflex,
[R]
/
COEF_FLEX_XY
=
cflex_xy,
[R]
COEF_FLEX_XZ
=
cflex_xz,
[R]
/
INDI_SIGM
=
isigm,
[R]
/
INDI_SIGM_XY
=
isigm_xy,
[R]
INDI_SIGM_XZ
=
isigm_xz,
[R]
PRECISION
=
/
eps, [R]
/
1.0E-03 [DEFECT]
CRITERION =
/
“ABSOLUTE”,
/
“RELATIVE”, [DEFECT]
),
)
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11.4 Operands
POIN_TANG
/
NOEUD_POIN_TANG
/
GROUP_NO_POIN_TG
/POIN_TANG
= (xt, yt, zt)
/NOEUD_POIN_TANG
= “NT”
/GROUP_NO_POIN_TG
= “GNT”
The point of intersection T of the tangents defines in the arc in its two ends (intersection of
lines of diagram), either by its co-ordinates (xt, yt, zt) in the total reference mark, or by the name of
node located in this point (
“NT”
), that is to say by the name of a group of nodes (
“GNT”
) container only one
node corresponding to this point.
T
NR
J
NR
I
C
11.5 Operands
CENTER/NOEUD_CENTER/GROUP_NO_CENTER
/CENTER
= (teststemxç, teststemyç, zc)
/NOEUD_CENTER
= “NC”,
/GROUP_NO_CENTER
= “GNC”,
The center of curvature C of the element defines. The angle (C, NR
J
, NR
I
) must be strictly lower than 2
.
The point C is defined either by its co-ordinates (teststemxç, teststemyç, zc) in the total reference mark, or by the node
located out of C given by its name ('
NC
“) or by the name of a group (”
GNC
') containing only it
node.
11.6 Operands
PRECISION
/
CRITERION
The precision for the checking defines that C is well the center of the arc of circle
NR NR
I
J
:
C NR
C NR
C NR
C NR
C NR
I
J
I
J
I
-
<
-
<
eps
CRITERION:“ABSOLUTE”
eps
CRITERION:“RELATIVE”
(
)
(
)
11.7 Operands
RADIUS
/
ORIE_ARC
ORIE_ARC
=
arc
Angle of orientation of the arc of the element (in degrees). The angle
arc
rotation around the axis defines
room X
L
(determined by the two ends of the arc NR
I
and NR
J
) allowing to pass from (M, X
L
, y
1
, Z
1
)
with (M, X
L
, y
L
, Z
L
) [Figure 11.7-a].
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RADIUS = Rcourb
Radius of curvature of the element. It makes it possible to calculate the center C of the arc [Figure 11.7-b].
Y1
Z1
Y
L
Z
L
X
L
arc
arc
M
Appear 11.7-a
Ni
Nj
X
L
Y1
Zl
Y
L
Z
L
M
C
arc
arc
Rcourb
Appear 11.7-b
Note:
· the reference mark (M, X
L
, y
1
, Z
1
) is calculated automatically starting from NR
I
, NR
J
, ends of
meshs belonging to lma or lgma, following the same principle as for the key word
ORIENTATION [Figure 10.4-a] and [Figure 10.4-b],
· the local axis y
L
C is directed towards Mr.
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11.8 Operand
COEF_FLEX
,
COEF_FLEX_XZ
,
COEF_FLEX_XY
: coefficients
of flexibility
COEF_FLEX
= cflex
COEF_FLEX_XZ
= cflex_xz
COEF_FLEX_XY
= cflex_xy
For the modeling of the elbows of pipings the representation by elements of beam
circular is insufficient to represent the flexibility of a thin hull. The coefficient of
flexibility corrects the geometrical data (geometrical moments of inertia) in accordance with
rules of construction. For example, rules
RCC_M
lead, to make the calculation of rigidity of
bending with one geometrical moment of inertia:
(
)
I
I
cflex
cflex
y Z
y Z tubes
,
,
.
=
>
with
1
A conventional value of
cflex
, for a piping thickness E and average radius Rmoy, is
given by:
2
65
.
1
moy
courb
R
R
E
cflex
=
=
with
.
This value can be calculated directly in the command file (see test FORMA01A
for example).
If 2 coefficients are given, one obtains:
(
)
(
)
I
I tubes
cflex xz
I
I tubes
cflex xy
y
y
Z
Z
=
=
_
_
By defect, cflex = cflex_xz = cflex_xy = 1 (not of amendment of geometrical inertias).

11.9 Operands
INDI_SIGM
/
INDI_SIGM_XZ
/
INDI_SIGM_XY
: Index
of intensification of the stresses
INDI_SIGM
= isigm
INDI_SIGM_XZ
= isigm_xz
INDI_SIGM_XY
= isigm_xy
For the calculation of bending stresses in the curved elements of beams of section
tubular, one can take account of a coefficient of intensification due to ovalization.
The stresses are written then:
xx
My R
Iy
isigm
Mz R
Iz
isigm
=
. *
. *
or
; with
isigm
1
.
If 2 indices are given, one a:
xx
xx
My R
Iy
isigm xz
Mz R
Iz
isigm xy
=
=
.
_
.
_
or
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11.10 Notice
It is possible to check the characteristics of the curved elements of beams (angle, radius of
curvature) in the file “messages” by giving INFORMATION = 2.
11.11 Example of use
Piping comprising two elbows (problem of Hoovgaard resulting from the test SSLL101B).
2
1
3.
69
3 4 5
With
2.75
6
7
8
9
X
15
14
13
12 11
1.96
y
10
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
B
With
­ 0.
­ 1.828
­ 0.922
B
­ 0.922
­ 0.922
­ 0.
=
=
Z
· diameter external of the pipe: 0.185 m
· thickness of the pipe: 6.12 mm
· radius of curvature of the elbows: 0.922 m
The 2 elbows are formed of the elements:
· E3 (nodes 3 and 4) E4 (nodes 4 and 5)
· E9 (nodes 9 and 10) E10 (nodes 10 and 11)
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Values of (
,) are:
STANDARD NAME ALPHA
BETA
E1
MECA_POU_D_T
0.000000E+00
- .900000E+02
E2
MECA_POU_D_T
0.000000E+00
- .900000E+02
E5
MECA_POU_D_T
0.900000E+02
0.000000E+00
E6
MECA_POU_D_T
0.900000E+02
0.000000E+00
E7
MECA_POU_D_T
0.900000E+02
0.000000E+00
E8
MECA_POU_D_T
0.900000E+02
0.000000E+00
E11 MECA_POU_D_T
0.000000E+00
0.000000E+00
E12 MECA_POU_D_T
0.000000E+00
0.000000E+00
E13 MECA_POU_D_T
0.000000E+00
0.000000E+00
E14 MECA_POU_D_T
0.000000E+00
0.000000E+00
E3
MECA_POU_C_T
0.900000E+02
- .675050E+02
E4
MECA_POU_C_T
0.900000E+02
- .224950E+02
E9
MECA_POU_C_T
0.675050E+02
0.000000E+00
E10 MECA_POU_C_T
0.224950E+02
0.000000E+00
CARA_ELE = AFFE_CARA_ELEM (
MODEL = model,
INFORMATION = 2,
BEAM = (
_F (GROUP_MA = “SEC_1”,
SECTION = “GENERAL”,
# right pipe
CARA = (“A”, “IZ”, “IY”, “AY”, “AZ”, “JX”, “EZ”, “EY”,
“RY”, “RZ”, “RT”),
VALE = (3.4390E-3, 2 * 1.3770E-5,
2 * 2.0, 2.7540E-5, 2 * 0., 3 * 1.),
),
_F (GROUP_MA = “SEC_2”,
# elbows
VALE = (3.4390E-3, 2 * 5.8870E-6,
2 * 2., 2.7540E-5, 2 * 0., 3 * 1.),
),
),
DEFI_ARC = (
_F (MESH = (“E9”, “E10”),
POIN_TANG = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
PRECISION = 1.E-3,
CRITERION = “RELATIVE”,
),
_F (MESH = (“E3”, “E4”),
CENTER = (0., - 1.8280, - 0.9220),
PRECISION = 1.E-3,
CRITERION = “RELATIVE”,
),
),
)
Computed values by
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
are:
KEY MOT FACTOR “DEFI_ARC” (meshs E 9e10)
KEY MOT “NETS”, RCOURB: 0.9219999999999899
KEY MOT “NETS”, ORIE_ARC: 0.
KEY MOT “NETS”, ANGLE_ARC: 90.
KEY MOT “NETS”, CENTER: 0.921999999999864, - 0.921999999999864, 0.
KEY MOT FACTOR “DEFI_ARC” (meshs E 3e4)
KEY MOT “NETS”, RCOURB: 0.9219999999999828
KEY MOT “NETS”, ORIE_ARC: 90.
KEY MOT “NETS”, ANGLE_ARC: 90.00000000000091
KEY MOT “NETS”, CENTER: 0., - 1.82799999999996, - 0.92199999999997
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12 Words
keys
AFFE_SECT/AFFE_FIBER
12.1 Syntax
AFFE_SECT = (
_F (
NAME
=
nomsect [TXM]
/
GROUP_MA
=
(“GMA1”, “GMA2”,…), [l_gr_maille]
/
NET
=
(“MA1”, “MA2”,…),
[l_maille]
MAILLAGE_SECT
=
MASEC1, [mesh]
COOR_AXE_POUTRE
=
(yg, zg,)
[l_R]
/
TOUT_SECT
=
“YES”,
/GROUP_MA_SECT
=
(“g1”, “g2”,…)
[l_gr_maille]
/
MAILLE_SECT
=
(“m1”, “m2”,…)
[l_maille]
),
),
AFFE_FIBER = (
_F (
NAME
=
nomsect [TXM]
/
GROUP_MA
=
(“GMA1”, “GMA2”,…)
[l_gr_maille]
/
NET
=
(“MA1”, “MA2”,…) [l_maille]
COOR_AXE_POUTRE
=
(xg, yg,), [l_R]
CARA =
/
“SURFACE”, [DEFECT]
/“DIAMETER”,
VALE =
(
x1, y1, a1,
x2, y2, a2,
.. .,
xn
,
yn
, year
,)
[l_R]
),
)
Key words used to define the section of the multifibre beams, (modelings POU_D_EM or
POU_D_TGM) either using a mesh (AFFE_SECT) or fiber by fiber (AFFE_FIBER).
12.2 Drank
Within the framework of a modeling of the multifibre type, there are two “levels” of modeling. It there with
modeling known as “longitudinal” which will be represented by a beam (geometrical support
SEG2
)
and a modeling planes section (perpendicular to
SEG2
). The key word
AFFE_SECT
allows to associate a plane mesh of section (read beforehand by the operator
LIRE_MAILLAGE
) with
an element beam.
AFFE_FIBER
allows to describe the section in the form of specific surfaces.
Note:
It may be that in modeling section planes, several materials cohabit. By
example, in a section concrete reinforced, there are at the same time concrete and reinforcements. In this case,
the operator
CREA_MAILLAGE
allows to duplicate the support
SEG2
so that there is one
material by support. (see for example the test
SSNL119
[V6.02.119]).
Caution:
The information given in
AFFE_SECT
or
AFFE_FIBER
, allow to calculate some
integrated characteristics of the cross-sections (surface, moments static and quadratic).
In spite of that, it is necessary to give coherent values for operands A, IY, IZ
under the key word BEAM. A checking is carried out on the coherence of these sizes. If
the relative error is too important (cf key words
PREC_AIRE
,
PREC_INERTIE
) a fatal error
is emitted.
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12.3 Words
keys
AFFE_SECT and AFFE_FIBER
/AFFE_SECT
/AFFE_FIBER
The entities of the mesh of beams concerned and the sections define which are to them
affected. Key word AFFE_SECT makes it possible to affect a section defined by a plane mesh
(the elements of this mesh are the sections of fibers) and key word AFFE_FIBER allows
to affect a section where the fibers are defined by points.
The rule of overload applies between several occurrences of the key words factors
AFFE_SECT or AFFE_FIBER [U1.03.00].

12.3.1 Operands commun runs with AFFE_SECT and AFFE_FIBER
/MESH
/GROUP_MA
These operands make it possible to define the entities of the mesh of beams (elements SEG2) which
are concerned with the occurrence of the key word factor:
Operands
Contents/Significance
NET
Assignment with a list of meshs
GROUP_MA
Assignment with a list of groups of meshs
COOR_AXE_POUTRE = (yg, zg)
This operand makes it possible to define the co-ordinates of the neutral axis of the beam in the reference mark of
cross-section: integrations (static moments or of inertias) will be made compared to this
center. The position (0. 0.) corresponds at the origin of the co-ordinates used for the mesh
surface in the case of AFFE_SECT or in the beginning chosen to define the co-ordinates
data using operand VALE in the case of
AFFE_FIBER
.












NAME
This operand makes it possible to define a name for the cross-section (8 characters). This name is pointed out
in the messages concerning this cross-section (see operand INFORMATION).
If NAME is not used under AFFE_SECT, the name of the section (allotted automatically) is
“SECT_i” where I is the ième occurrence of AFFE_SECT in the data file. The same if NAME
is not used under AFFE_FIBER, the name of the automatic section is “PONCT_j” where J is
jème occurrence of AFFE_FIBER in the data file.
O
Z
G
yg
zg
y
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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
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J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
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:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A

12.3.2 Operands specific to AFFE_SECT
MAILLAGE_SECT
Name of the plane “mesh” which contains the “description of the section”.
By “mesh”, one understands a whole of triangular meshs with 3 nodes and/or quadrilaterals with 4
nodes.
By “description of the section”, one understands part of this “mesh” specified by one of
operands
TOUT_SECT, MAILLE_SECT
or
GROUP_MA_SECT
. Each mesh represents
section of a fiber.
/TOUT_SECT
/MAILLE_SECT
/GROUP_MA_SECT
Operands
Contents/Significance
TOUT_SECT
The section is defined by the totality of the meshs of the mesh defined under
MAILLAGE_SECT
MAILLE_SECT
The section is defined by a list of meshs
GROUP_MA_SECT
The section is defined by a list of groups of meshs
Note:
· Since it is not used as support with finite elements, the “mesh” does not have obligatorily
to have a connectivity, it can be composed of a whole of juxtaposed meshs which
touch or do not touch themselves.
· All the meshs defined in the “description of the section” will have the same behavior,
that of the finite element of beam to which they are affected (see remark in §1).
· The co-ordinates y and Z of the plane mesh of the section (y horizontal, Z vertical) are defined
in a plan perpendicular to the axis of the beam. This axis is defined using the operand
COOR_AXE_POUTRE
. To define the angle of spin, i.e. the angle enters the axis there of the mesh
plan of the section and the axis Y of the element beam, it is necessary to use the key word
ORIENTATION
of
the operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
(see example).

12.3.3 Operands specific to AFFE_FIBER
The cross-section of the element beam is defined by a whole of “specific” fibers.
CARA
Allows to specify if the third value given for each fiber is surface (by defect) or
the diameter (see
VALE
).
VALE
Each fiber is described by a triplet of values:
y
,
Z
and
valley
. It is necessary to give them
values according to this sequence, and there are as many triplets as of fibers.
· Y and Z are the co-ordinates of the center of fiber in a plan perpendicular to the axis of
beam. The position of the axis of the beam can be modified thanks to the operand
COOR_AXE_POUTRE
. To give an angle of spin, the operand should be used
ORIENTATION
.
·
Valley
is either the surface of a fiber, or the diameter of a cylindrical fiber.
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Version
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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
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J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
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U4.42.01-I1
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
13 Word
key
DISCRETE
and
DISCRET_2D
13.1 Characteristics
allocatable
These key words make it possible to assign directly to entities (meshs or nodes), which support
elements of the type
DIS_T
,
DIS_TR
(DISCRETE)
or
2d_DIS_T
,
2d_DIS_TR
(DISCRET_2D)
, of
matrices of rigidity, mass or damping.
On all the entities one can affect matrices corresponding to the degrees of freedom of translation
(
T
) only or with the degrees of freedom of translation and rotation (
TR
). The matrices can be
diagonals (
D
) or full. In this case, they are obligatorily symmetrical and one will only provide
triangular higher, with a convention of classification of the terms imposed (see examples).
The matrices can be affected:
· with nodes or meshs of the types POI1; they are then known as nodal matrices (NR),
· with meshs of the type
SEG2
; they are then known as matrices of connection (
L
).
In the event of assignment of matrices to meshs or nodes, the type of element
DISCRETE
must be
affected, au préalable, with these meshs or these nodes by the operator
AFFE_MODELE
[U4.41.01].

13.2 Syntax
DISCRETE and DISCRET_2D = (
_F (
/MESH
= lma
,
[l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/NODE
= lno
,
[l_noeud]
/
GROUP_NO
=
lgno,
[l_gr_noeud]
# matrices
of
rigidity
/CARA
=
|
“K_T_D_N'
|
“K_TR_D_N'
|
“K_T_D_L'
|
“K_TR_D_L',
|
“K_T_N'
|
“K_TR_N'
|
“K_T_L'
|
“K_TR_L',
# matrices
of
mass
/
CARA =
|
“M_T_D_N'
|
“M_TR_D_N',
|
“M_T_N'
|
“M_TR_N'
|
“M_T_L'
|
“M_TR_L',
# matrices
of
damping
/
CARA =
|
“A_T_D_N'
|
“A_TR_D_N'
|
“A_T_D_L'
|
“A_TR_D_L',
|
“A_T_N'
|
“A_TR_N'
|
“A_T_L'
|
“A_TR_L',
VALE =
lva, [l_R]
IDENTIFY
=/“LOCAL”,
/
“TOTAL”,
[DEFECT]
AMOR_HYST
=
/
0.0, [DEFECT]
/
amnh,
[R]
),
)
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Code_Aster
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Version
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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
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Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
13.3 Operands
13.3.1 Rules of use
· RIGIDITY or DAMPING
CARA CARA
ENTITY
DIS_ *
VALE
2d_DIS_ *
VALE
“K_T_D_N' “A_T_D_N'
node or
POI1
3 terms
2 terms
“K_T_D_L' “A_T_D_L'
SEG2
3 terms
2 terms
“K_TR_D_N' “A_TR_D_N'
node or
POI1
6 terms
3 terms
“K_TR_D_L' “A_TR_D_L'
SEG2
6 terms
3 terms
“K_T_N' “A_T_N'
node or
POI1
6 terms
3 terms
“K_T_L' “A_T_L'
SEG2
21 terms
10 terms
“K_TR_N' “A_TR_N'
node or
POI1
21 terms
6 terms
“K_TR_L' “A_TR_L'
SEG2
78 terms
21 terms
· MASS
CARA ENTITY
DIS_ *
VALE
2d_DIS_ *
VALE
“M_T_D_N'
node or
POI1
1 (mass)
1 (mass)
“M_TR_D_N'
node or
POI1
10 (mass/inertia)
nonavailable
“M_T_N'
node or
POI1
6 (mass/inertia)
3 (mass/inertia)
“M_T_L' SEG2
21 (mass/inertia)
10 (mass/inertia)
“M_TR_N'
node or
POI1
21 (mass/inertia)
6 (mass/inertia)
“M_TR_L' SEG2
78 (mass/inertia)
21 (mass/inertia)
13.3.2 Operands
K_ (
matrices of rigidity) or
A_
(matrices of damping)
K_T_D_N/A_T_D_N
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or a node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
3 values
K
X
,
K
y
,
K
Z
in
DIS_T
and 2 values
K
X
,
K
y
in
2d_DIS_T
such as:
U
U
U
K
With
K
K
K
U
U
K
With
K
K
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
X
y
or
or
=




=


0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
K_T_D_L/A_T_D_L
for a mesh of the type
SEG2
,
K
being the matrix previously definite:
Noeud1 Noeud2
K
K
K
K
-
-




it is thus enough to provide the 3 values
K
X
,
K
y
and
K
Z
.
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Code_Aster
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Version
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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
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Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
38/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
K_TR_D_N/A_TR_D_N
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
6 values
K
X
,
K
y
,
K
Z
,
KR
X
,
KR
y
,
KR
Z
in
DIS_TR
or 3 values
K
X
,
K
y
,
KR
Z
in
2d_DIS_TR
such as:





U
U
U
R
R
R
K
With
K
K
K
KR
KR
KR
K
With
U
U
R
K
K
KR
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
or
or
=












=




0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
K_TR_D_L/A_TR_D_L
for a mesh of the type
SEG2
,
K
being the matrix previously definite:
Noeud1 Noeud2
K
K
K
K
-
-




it is enough to give the 6 values above.
K_T_N/A_T_N
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or a node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
6 values
K
1
,
K
2
,…
K
6
in
DIS_T
or 3 values
K
1
,
K
2
,
K
3
in
2d_DIS_T
such as:
U
U
U
K
With
K
K
K
K
K
K
U
U
K
With
K
K
K
X
y
Z
X
y
or
or
=




=


1
2
4
3
5
6
1
2
3
K_T_L/A_T_L
for a mesh of the type
SEG2
, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
21 values
K
1
,
K
2
,…,
K
21
in
DIS_T
or 10 values
K
1
,
K
2
,…
K
10
in
2d_DIS_T
and stamps it following rigidity will be
affected:
U
U
U
U
U
U
K
With
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
With
U
U
U
U
K
K
K
K
K
K
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
y
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
1
1
2
2
1
2
4
7
3
5
or
or
=












=
K
K
K
K
8
6
9
10






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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
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J-L. FLÉJOU
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:
U4.42.01-I1
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:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
K_TR_N/A_TR_N
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or a node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
21 values
K
1
,
K
2
,…,
K
21
in
DIS_TR
or 6 values
K
1
,
K
2
,…
K
6
in
2d_DIS_TR
such as:




U
U
U
R
R
R
K
With
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
With
U
U
R
K
K
K
K
K
K
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
or
or
=












=




1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
1
2
4
3
5
6
K_TR_L/A_TR_L
for a mesh of the type
SEG2
, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
78 values
K
1
,
K
2
,…,
K
78
in
DIS_TR
.
U
U
U
R
R
R
U
U
U
R
R
R
K
With
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
22
29
37
46
56
67
23
30
38
47
57
68
or
=



K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
24
31
39
48
58
69
25
32
40
49
59
70
26
33
41
50
60
71
27
34
42
51
61
72
28
35
43
52
62
73
36
44
53
63
74
45
54
64
75
55
65
76
66
77
78
































=
or 21 values
in
such as:
or
K K
K
U
U
R
U
U
R
K
With
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
1
2
21
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
,
,…,
2D_ DIS_ TR











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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
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J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
13.3.3 Operands
M_
Matrices of mass
M_T_D_N
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or a node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
a value
m
.
The matrix of following mass will be affected:
U
U
U
M
m
m
m
X
y
Z
=




0
0
0
0
0
0
M_TR_D_N
(nonavailable in
2d_DIS_TR
)
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or a node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
a value of
mass
m
, 6 values of the tensor of inertia (mass):
I
I
I
I
I
I
xx
yy
zz
xy
yz
xz
,
,
,
,
,
,
and 3 components
vector of eccentricity of the mass compared to its node:
E E E
X
y
Z
,
,
. The matrix of mass
following will be affected:
(
)
(
)
(
)
Z
X
xz
xz
Z
y
yz
yz
y
X
xy
xy
X
y
zz
zz
Z
X
yy
yy
zz
yz
yy
xz
xy
xx
X
y
X
Z
y
Z
y
Z
xx
xx
Z
y
X
Z
y
X
E
E
m
I
V
E
E
m
I
V
E
E
m
I
V
E
E
m
I
V
E
E
m
I
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
me
me
m
me
me
m
me
me
m
E
E
m
I
V
R
R
R
U
U
U
M
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
-
=
-
=
-
=
+
+
=
+
+
=














-
-
-
+
+
=
=
Z
y
X
G
Node
Caution:
The eccentricity must be expressed in the total reference mark: co-ordinates of vector NG (eccentricity)
directed node towards the mass.
M_T_N
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
6 values
M
1
,
M
2
,
…,
M
6
in
DIS_T
or 3 values
M
1
,
M
2
,
M
3
in
2d_DIS_T
and stamps it of following mass will be
affected:
U
U
U
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
U
U
M
M
M
M
X
y
Z
X
y
=




=


1
2
4
3
5
6
1
2
3
See for example test SDLD27 [V2.01.027].
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Code_Aster
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Version
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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
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J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
M_TR_N
for a mesh of the type
POI1
or node, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
21 values
M
1
,
M
2
,…,
M
21
in
DIS_TR
or 6 values
M
1
,
M
2
,…,
M
6
in
2d_DIS_TR
and stamps it of mass
following will be affected:





U
U
U
R
R
R
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
U
U
R
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
=












=




1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
1
2
4
3
5
6
M_T_L
for a mesh of the type
SEG2
, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
21 values
M
1
,
M
2
,…,
M
21
in
DIS_T
or 10 values
M
1
,
M
2
,…,
M
10
in
2d_DIS_T
and stamps it of following mass will be
affected:
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
U
U
U
U
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
X
y
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
1
1
2
2
1
2
4
7
3
5
8
6
=












=
M
M
9
10






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Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
42/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
M_TR_L
for a mesh of the type
SEG2
, one finds in correspondence in
VALE
78 values
M
1
,
M
2
,…,
M
78
in
DIS_TR
and stamps it of following mass will be affected:

U
U
U
R
R
R
U
U
U
R
R
R
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
22
29
37
46
56
67
23
30
38
47
57
68
24
31
=
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
39
48
58
69
25
32
40
49
59
70
26
33
41
50
60
71
27
34
42
51
61
72
28
35
43
52
62
73
36
44
53
63
74
45
54
64
75
55
65
76
66
77
78




































=












or 21 values
in
,
…,
MR. M
M
U
U
R
U
U
R
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
X
y
Z
X
y
Z
1
2
21
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
4
7
11
16
3
5
8
12
17
6
9
13
18
10
14
19
15
20
21
2D_ DIS_ TR

Note:
Two options
M_T_L
and
M_TR_L
do not correspond in general to an option of modeling
having a mechanical significance. They are usable to only import in Aster of
matrices of masses discretized on a mesh of the type
SEG2
by another software. Indeed, one
affect usually values of specific mass and inertia (mesh POI1) by M_T_D_N or
M_TR_D_N.
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Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
43/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
13.3.4 Operand
AMOR_HYST
AMOR_HYST = amor_h,
Allows to assign to a discrete element a coefficient to build a matrix of rigidity
complex (hysteretic modeling of damping) the built matrix is:
(
)
1
+ J
amor_ H K
where
K
is the matrix
K_ *
whose values are provided in the same occurrence of the key word
DISCRETE
. The matrix of rigidity complexes will be actually built at the time of a call to
CALC_MATR_ELEM
[U4.61.01] with the option
AMOR_HYST
(see test SDLD313) and [R5.05.04].

13.3.5 Operand
IDENTIFY
IDENTIFY
=/“LOCAL”,
/“TOTAL”,
By defect the values of the matrices provided for the discrete elements are used for
to express the corresponding quantities in
IDENTIFY
=
“TOTAL”
.
If one wishes to define a particular reference mark in a node (or nets of type
POI1
) one will specify
IDENTIFY
=
“LOCAL”
by defining this reference mark by the key word
ORIENTATION
[§10].
For a matrix defined on a mesh of the type
SEG2
the operand
IDENTIFY
=
“LOCAL”
allows
to refer to the local reference mark attached to the mesh (initial node, final node) supplemented if necessary
of an angle of spin defined by the key word
ORIENTATION
[§10].

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Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
44/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
14 Word
key
SOLID MASS
14.1 Characteristics
allocatable
Allows to assign to elements 3D or 2D of the local axes (which can for example be used
to define directions of orthotropism (cf DEFI_MATERIAU [U4.43.01])). These local axes are
defined by the key words:
· ANGL_REP (3 nautical angles) or (ANGL_AXE and ORIG_AXE) in 3D,
· ANGL_REP (1 only angle) in 2D.
14.2 Syntax
SOLID MASS = (
_F (
/
NET
=
lma
,
[l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/ANGL_REP = (
,
,
),
[l_R]
/
ANGL_AXE = (
,
),
[l_R]
ORIG_AXE
=
(x1
,
x2
,
x3),
[l_R]
),
)
14.3 Operand
ANGL_REP
are the 3 nautical angles (as for the key word ORIENTATION, cf [§10]) defining the axes
buildings (X, y, Z), which correspond to the reference mark of orthotropism (L, T, NR). In 2D, it is necessary to only give
,
what defines reference mark (LT) in the plan.
14.4 Operands
ANGL_AXE/ORIG_AXE
These key words are to be given in 3D only to define local axes for which one will use
a property of symmetry of revolution, or transverse isotropy (for example: structure with symmetry
cylindrical orthotropic).
ANGL_AXE =
(,) the axis of revolution x1 defines, (,) being the first two nautical angles,
ORIG_AXE = (x1, x2, x3) defines a O1 point of the axis.
y
X
1
O1
Z
0
X
B
has
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Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
15 Word
key
ASSE_GRIL
15.1 Syntax
ASSE_GRIL = (
_F (
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/
NET
=
lma, [l_maille]
CARA = | “K_TR_D_N' | “K_TR_D_L_T' | “K_TR_D_L_N',
VALE =
lva
,
[l_R]
PAS_T
=
Pt,
[R]
PAS_N
=
pn
,
[R]
COEF_ECHELLE
= ech
,
[R]
ANGL_REP
=
l_ang,
[l_R]
),
)
15.2 Characteristics
allocatable
This key word factor makes it possible to define the characteristics of rigidity of the finite element (quadrangle in
four nodes) associated modeling
“ASSE_GRIL”
(cf orders
AFFE_MODELE
[U4.41.01]).
This modeling relates to the representation of the grids of the fuel assemblies, by one
technique of homogenization. It must be associated modeling
“ASSE_GRIL”
, allowing
to modelize by homogenization a network, periodical of beams, bathed in a fluid
incompressible (cf [R4.07.05], cf key word factor
POUTRE_FLUI
).
15.3 Operand
GROUP_MA
/
NET
Place of employment of the elementary characteristics:
· list the meshs (key word NETS),
· list groups of meshs (key word
GROUP_MA
).
15.4 Operand
ANGL_REP
ANGL_REP = (
,
)
A reference mark (L, T, NR) is associated each mesh. The direction L is the direction perpendicular to the plan
means of the mesh.
Angles in degree (
,) allow to define compared to the reference mark of reference the vector to
to project on the average level of the mesh and which will indicate the direction T (as for the key word HULL,
operand ANGL_REP [Figure 8.3.3-c]).
15.5 Operand
PAS_T
/
PAS_N
/
COEF_ECHELLE
These operands define the geometrical characteristics of the characteristic periodic airframe
grid.
COEF_ECHELLE
the coefficient of homothety making it possible defines to transform the airframe
periodical real in the basic periodic airframe with which the homogenized coefficients are
calculated.
PAS_T
and
PAS_N
dimensions of the rectangular basic airframe define along the axes T, NR
local reference mark.
15.6 Operands
CARA
/
VALE
These operands make it possible to define all rigidities of the springs associated with this modeling
(HI-75/96/074/0).
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Code_Aster
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Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
PAS_N
PAS_T
T
R
NR
R
O
R
O
R
O
R
O
R
NR
R
T
R
T
L
NR
.
CARA = “K_TR_D_L_T'
VALE =
(
)
K
K
K
C
C
C
dTL
dTT
dTN
dTL
dTT
dTN
,
,
,
,
,
Differential rigidities (3 in translation, 3 in rotation) common to the springs R
T
, relative to
directions L, T, NR.

CARA = “K_TR_D_L_N'
VALE =
(
)
K
K
K
C
C
C
dNL
dNT
DNN
dNL
dNT
DNN
,
,
,
,
,
Differential rigidities (3 in translation, 3 in rotation) common to the springs R
NR
, relative to
directions L, T, NR.

CARA = “K_TR_D_N'
VALE =
(
)
*, *, *,
,
,
C
C
C
L
lT
lN
Local rigidities (3 in rotation) common to the springs R
O
. 3 rigidities in translation are
been unaware of.
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Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
47/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
16 Word
key
POUTRE_FLUI
16.1 Syntax
POUTRE_FLUI = (
_F (
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
/
NET
=
lma, [l_maille]
B_T
=
LT,
[R]
B_N
=
bn,
[R]
B_TN =
btn, [R]
A_FLUI
=
aflui,
[R]
A_CELL
=
acell,
[R]
COEF_ECHELLE
= ech
,
[R]
),
)
16.2 Characteristics
allocatable
This key word factor makes it possible to define the characteristics of the finite elements (hexahedron in 8 or 20
nodes) associated modeling
“3d_FAISCEAU”
(cf orders
AFFE_MODELE
[U4.41.01]). This
modeling relates to the representation of a periodic network of tubes bathed by a fluid
incompressible (cf [R4.07.05]). An example is given in test SDLV111 [V2.04.111].
16.3 Operand
GROUP_MA
/
NET
Place of employment of the elementary characteristics:
· list the meshs (key word NETS),
· list groups of meshs (key word
GROUP_MA
).
16.4 Operands
A_FLUI
/
A_CELL
/
COEF_ECHELLE
The periodic airframe of the medium to be homogenized
is two-dimensional.
The basic periodic airframe which is used to calculate
the homogenized coefficients is obtained by
homothety starting from the periodic airframe
real of the medium.
Tube
Fluid
T
NR
L
A_FLUI
: surface of the part occupied by the fluid in the basic periodic airframe
A_CELL
: surface of the basic periodic airframe
COEF_ECHELLE
: coefficient of homothety allowing to transform the real periodic airframe into
basic periodic airframe
16.5 Operands
B_T
/
B_N
/
B_TN
Homogenized coefficients of the problem fluid-structure calculated in the reference mark (T, NR) [R4.07.05].
The orientation of this reference mark is fixed by the key word factor
ORIENTATION
. The direction L is inevitably
parallel with the beam axis of tubes.
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Version
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Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
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J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
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U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
17 Word
key
ROAST
17.1 Syntax
ROAST = (
_F (
/
NET
=
lma, [l_maille]
/
GROUP_MA
=
lgma,
[l_gr_maille]
SECTION =
S1,
[R]
/ANGL_REP = (
,
)
[l_R]
/
ORIG_AXE
=
(xr,
yr,
Zr)
[l_R]
CENTER = (vx,
vy,
vz)
[l_R]
OFFSETTING
= ez,
[R]
GRILL_NCOU
=
/
ncou,
[I]
/
1
[DEFECT]
COEF_RIGI_DRZ
=/kz,
[R]
/
1.E-10, [DEFECT]
),
)
17.2 Characteristics
allocatable
Allows to define characteristics of a lattice (modeling of tablecloth of reinforcements for the hulls
out of reinforced concrete) (see for example test SSNS100 [V6.05.100]), affected with modelings ROASTS or
GRILL_MEMBRANE.
These characteristics are used to define an element of plate orthotropic, usable only, or more
often superimposed with an element of concrete plate.
17.3 Description of the operands
The following geometrical data are necessary to modelize the tablecloth of reinforcements:
·
OFFSETTING
=
E
Z
: offsetting
E
Z
(constant for all the nodes of the mesh) of
tablecloth of reinforcements compared to the mesh support (distance measured on the normal of
net support), (modeling only ROASTS).
·
SECTION
=
S
1
: section of the reinforcements in direction 1.
·
ANGL_REP
= to see key word
HULL
[§8]. This key word makes it possible to define the reference axis (X
1
). It
also defined the reference mark in which the deformations are calculated, stresses, curvatures,…
·
COEF_RIGI_DRZ
= to see key word
HULL
[§8].
· ORIG_AXE, AXIS = in the case of a cylindrical hull, these key words make it possible to define
the angle of the reinforcements, constant in a cylindrical reference mark in the following way: if
D
is
straight line passing by item X
0
(of co-ordinates xr yr Zr) and of axis
V
(vx vy vz) then in all
not
X
hull, the vector
Y
V X
1
1
=
direct the reinforcements in
X
(with
X
XX
X
1
=
D
D
,
projection of
X
on
D
).
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Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
49/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
T
ez
Concrete
Plate
Reinforced concrete
Z
1
Y
1
X
1
brace diameter
1
average layer
brace diameter
2
Equivalent tablecloth of reinforcements
average layer
Appear 17.3-a: Representation of the reinforcements by an equivalent tablecloth
To define a grid or the section of the reinforcements in the longitudinal direction and the transverse one are
different, it is necessary to create 2 layers of elements (control
CREA_MAILLAGE
, key word
CREA_GROUP_MA
),
a layer of element for the longitudinal direction and a second layer of elements for
transverse direction:
GRILL= (
_F (
GROUP_MA = “GEOL”,
SECTION = 0.02,
ANGL_REP = (0.0, 0.0,),
OFFSETTING = 0.0,
),
_F (
GROUP_MA = “GEOT”,
SECTION = 0.01,
ANGL_REP = (90.0, 0.0,),
OFFSETTING = 0.01,
),
)

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Code_Aster
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Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
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:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
18 Word
key
RIGI_PARASOL
18.1 Syntax
RIGI_PARASOL = (
_F (
# Groups of meshs which make the foundation raft
GROUP_MA
=
l_gma,
[l_group_ma]
GROUP_MA_POI1
=
l_gma,
[l_group_ma]
# Functions of distribution
/
FONC_GROUP =
l_fg, [l_fonction]
/
COEF_GROUP =
l_cg, [l_R]
# Total Stiffnesses to distribute
CARA =/“K_TR_D_N' | “K_T_D_N',
/“A_TR_D_N' | “A_T_D_N',
[l_TXM]
VALE = l_val,
[l_R]
IDENTIFY =/“LOCAL”,
/
“TOTAL”,
[DEFECT]
# Center revolves
/
GROUP_NO_CENTER
=
gno,
[group_no]
/
NOEUD_CENTER
=
Nd,
[node]
/
COOR_CENTER
=
l_xyz,
[l_R]
# Specific Meshs corresponding to the nodes of the foundation raft
/
GROUP_MA_POI1
=
gmapoi1, [group_ma]
),
)
18.2 Characteristics
allocatable
This functionality corresponds to a methodology used by the SEPTEN to determine them
characteristics of discrete elements (springs of translation and/or rotation) to apply to the nodes
of a foundation raft starting from results obtained by the code PARASOL.
One must affect modeling
“DIS_TR”
or
“DIS_T'
on the group of nodes which make it up
to erase.
The meshs which make the foundation raft (pertaining to the l_gma groups) carry when to them one
modeling of plate (DKT, DST) cf test SDLS108 [V2.03.108] or a modeling of face of 3D.
18.3 Description of the operands
·
GROUP_MA
: list groups of meshs which make the foundation raft.
·
GROUP_MA_POI1
: list groups of points including/understanding the nodes of the groups of meshs
surface defined by
GROUP_MA
. That makes it possible to declare the nodes of a foundation defined by
surface meshs like specific meshs POI1 in order to affect the characteristics to them
RIGI_PARASOL what makes it possible to affect materials or behaviors to them for
the use of a nonlinear operator. If it is not present, the nodes are regarded as
late meshs for a strictly linear study for example.
· FONC_GROUP/COEF_GROUP: list real functions or coefficients. There are as many arguments
in this list that there are groups of meshs which make the foundation raft (definite under the key word
GROUP_MA). The functions must have as a X-coordinate the distance to the center of gravity (key word
defined by GROUP_NO_CENTER/NOEUD_CENTER/COOR_CENTER).
· The total stiffnesses of ground, resulting from the code PARASOL are provided by the user using
key words CARA and VALE as for the discrete elements. One can also select nature
reference mark (total or local) in which one defines the characteristics of the springs (key word
IDENTIFY). Stiffnesses or the depreciation only defined in translation can
also to be distributed (
K_T_D_N
or
A_T_D_N
, not of stiffness in rotation), in this case it is
only necessary to give 3 values behind
VALE
=
(kx, ky, kz).
· To define the center of the foundation raft (calculated by the code
PARASOL
), one can is to give them
co-ordinates (three realities given behind the key word
COOR_CENTER
), that is to say to give the name of a node
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Code_Aster
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Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
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Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
mesh (for more facility, one accepts also the name of a group of nodes but the aforementioned
must contain that only one node: key word
GROUP_NO_CENTER
or
NOEUD_CENTER
).
· GROUP_MA_POI1 makes it possible to specify a group of specific meshs containing the nodes of
groups of surface meshs (to erase) definite under
GROUP_MA
. On these nodes of foundation, one
will be able to affect various behaviors materials for the use by an operator not
linear.
18.4 Principle of determination of the characteristics of the elements
discrete [R4.05.01]
One represents the foundation raft by a whole of surface elements of center of gravity O. Using
code
PARASOL
, one obtains 6 total sizes which characterize the coupling ground-foundation raft: three stiffnesses
of Kx translation, Ky, Kz and three stiffnesses of rotation Krx, Kry, Krz.
In each node of the mesh of the foundation raft, Code_Aster seeks the characteristics in stiffness of one
discrete element of type
K_TR_D_N
(kx, ky, kz, krx, kry, krz) cf [R4.05.01].
To determine the stiffnesses of translation, one forces that they are proportional to surface
represented by the node and with a function of distribution depending on the distance to the center of gravity
foundation raft. That is to say S (P) the surface attached to the node P and F (R) the function of distribution where R is the distance
node P with the node O.
For the stiffnesses of rotation, one distributes the remainder (what remains after having removed the contributions
had with the translations) in the same way that translations.
If one calculates the efforts and the moments resulting at the point O due to the distribution from the springs in
each node of the mesh of the foundation raft and if one identifies them with the values obtained by PARASOL, one
obtains the following formulas:
()
(
)
()
()
(
)
()
(
)
()
()
(
)
()
(
)
()
()
(
)
K
K
S p F COp
K P
K S p F COp
K
K
S p F COp
K P
K S p F COp
K
K
S p F COp
K P
K S p F COp
X
X
P
X
X
y
y
P
y
y
Z
Z
P
Z
Z
=




=
=




=
=




=
/
;
/
;
/
;
()
()
(
)
() ()
()
() ()
()
()
(
)
() ()
()
() ()
()
()
(
)
() ()
()
() ()
COp
F
P
S
Kr
P
Kr
COp
F
P
S
X
P
K
y
P
K
Kr
Kr
COp
F
P
S
Kr
P
Kr
COp
F
P
S
X
P
K
Z
P
K
Kr
Kr
COp
F
P
S
Kr
P
Kr
COp
F
P
S
Z
P
K
y
P
K
Kr
Kr
Z
Z
P
P
COp
y
COp
X
Z
Z
y
y
P
P
COp
Z
COp
X
y
y
X
X
P
P
COp
y
COp
Z
X
X
=




+
-
=
=




+
-
=
=




+
-
=
;
/
;
/
;
/
2
2
2
2
2
2
Notice 1:
Calculation of the area attached to the point P.
For each surface mesh of the foundation raft, one calculates surface, one divides it by the number of nodes
mesh and one affect this contribution to each node of the mesh. One ensures then:
()
S
S P
to erase
P
=
background image
Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
52/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
Notice 2:
It is considered that one can apply the same formulas to carry out a distribution of elements
discrete of damping.
18.5 Example
of use
carac = AFFE_CARA_ELEM (
RIGI_PARASOL =
_F (GROUP_MA = to erase,
COEF_GROUP = 2.,
CARA = (“K_TR_D_N', “A_TR_D_N'),
VALE = ((16 realities), (6 realities)),
NOEUD_CENTER = “P1”,
),
)
background image
Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
53/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A
19 Word
key
RIGI_MISS_3D
19.1 Syntax
RIGI_MISS_3D = (
_F (
GROUP_MA_POI1
=
l_gma,
[l_group_ma]
GROUP_MA_SEG2
=
l_gma,
[l_group_ma]
FREQ_EXTR
=
freq,
[R]
UNITE_RESU_IMPE
=
/
links,
[I]
/30,
[DEFECT]
),
)
19.2 Characteristics
allocatable
The use of this key word is dedicated to problems of separation of foundation in order to take
better the carpet of springs of ground counts some than does it
RIGI_PARASOL
who distributes 6 stiffnesses
total under a foundation proportionally on the surfaces of the elements surrounding its nodes.
This key word will affect the exact terms of a matrix of impedance calculated by
MISS 3D
for all them
ddl of interface (3 * a number of nodes) and for a frequency of extraction given. The assignment of these
terms (modeling
“DIS_T'
) is done then with the specific meshs
POI1
nodes of the foundation
surface and possibly with the lines of the network of
SEG2
superimposed with the foundation to represent
transverse connections between nodes.
19.3 Description of the operands
·
GROUP_MA_POI1
: Group specific meshs of the nodes of the foundation.
·
GROUP_MA_SEG2
: Group meshs of SEG2 connecting the nodes of the foundation transversely.
·
FREQ_EXTR
: Frequency of extraction of the matrix of impedance.
·
UNITE_RESU_IMPE
: Logical unit of the matrix of impedance calculated by
MACRO_MISS_3D
option
MISS_IMPE
.

background image
Code_Aster
®
Version
8.2
Titrate:
Operator
AFFE_CARA_ELEM
Date:
31/01/06
Author (S):
J-L. FLÉJOU
Key
:
U4.42.01-I1
Page
:
54/54
Instruction manual
U4.4- booklet: Modeling
HT-62/06/004/A




























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